SERIES CIRCUIT AND PARALLEL CIRCUIT

 

Series Circuit

Based on the picture above which is a series of series. A series circuit is a circuit in which two components share the same node and the same current flows through them. In series circuits have a simple arrangement so that the series arrangement does not have wire branching between the load or the voltage source attached. In a series circuit, the components are simpler which consists of a voltage source, cables, and loads. Although sometimes a series circuit uses a switch, a series circuit requires only one switch. Besides, this circuit also has a property where if the voltages are the same, the voltage from the source will be divided. Besides, the current flowing in a series circuit depends on the amount of resistance from the load in the circuit. Besides, the characteristic of a series circuit is that if one of the loads in the circuit breaks, the current flow stops. The above circuit contains 1 voltage source with 3 lamps or loads R1, R2, R3 and uses 1 switch. The working principle of the circuit above is if the battery capacity is 15 V using 3 lamps and each lamp has a resistance value of 5 Ohms if the current flows through the lamp it has the same light level but is divided into three because it uses a series circuit. So that's the drawback of the series. But there are also advantages of this series, namely cheap, easy to apply, simple circuit, does not take a lot of cables, and the battery will not run out easily but low lighting.

 Based on the picture above, this circuit consists of three lights, one switch, and one battery. The function of each of these components is a switch as a connector and a circuit breaker. Switches are used to control devices, allowing us to turn them on and off. The battery functions as a source of electrical energy which is then supplied to the electrical circuit. The cable serves as a medium for the propagation of electric current. The lamp serves as proof that an electric current is indeed flowing in an electric circuit. The characteristics of a series circuit are:

  • The components in a circuit are arranged in a row or in a sequence.

  • Electric current flows in a closed circuit without branching.

  • If one component is disconnected, it will cause a circuit to be disconnected.

  • Only requires one switch for one circuit.


 

 Parallel Circuit

Based on the image above, the circuit is called a parallel circuit. A parallel circuit is simply defined as an electrical circuit in which all the parts are connected sequentially. As a result, a branch is formed between the electric current sources, which is why this circuit is called a branched circuit. All branches in this circuit can be passed by an electric current. In each branch, an electrical component is installed, so that each component has its own current and branch. This current flows through all the electrical components that are connected. Parallel circuits are needed when we adjust the electric current, by dividing it by changing the load that passes on each branch. The circuit above is a parallel circuit, point A represents the inlet current and point B represents the exit point or more simply, A as + and B as -. There are R1, R2, R3 or lamp 1, lamp 2, lamp 3 in the circuit. At each R or lamp, there is a switch that functions to cut off electricity or to turn off and turn on the light. Because this is a parallel circuit and there is a switch on each lamp, if lamp 1 is turned off then lamp 2 and lamp 3 will remain alive because each lamp has its own switch and wire, the opposite is also like that if lamp 2 is present. turned off then lamp 1 and lamp 3 will stay alive, the advantage of using a parallel circuit is that we can turn off which lamp we want to turn off but usually parallel circuits also have a drawback, namely the battery we use will run out quickly because 1 battery can turn on 3 lights at once without making the lights are dim. The characteristics of parallel electrical circuits are:

  • The way to arrange the circuit tends to be more complicated.

  • All electrical components are installed sequentially or parallel. -The connecting cables in a circuit have branches.

  • There are several paths through which the current can pass.

  • The flow that flows in each branch has a different value.

  • Each component that is installed gets a different current.

  • All components receive the same voltage.

  • The total resistance is less than the resistance for each constituent component.

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